Background
Background allows you to add some context to the scenarios in a single feature.
[Background允许你可以在某些特定的scenarios中添加一些上下文]
A Background is much like a scenario containing a number of steps.[Background更像是包含多个步骤的scenarios]
The difference is when it is run.The background is run before each of your scenarios but after any of your Before Hooks.
[不同的是当运行时，Background运行在你的scenarios之前但是在Hooks之后]
Background举例
Feature: 登录到管理后台
Background:
Given 打开登录页面
When 输入用户名: "admin"
When 输入密码: "123456"
Then 点击【登录】按钮
Scenario: 正常登录
Given 打开车辆待审核页面
Hooks
Cucumber provides a number of hooks which allow us to run blocks at various points in the Cucumber test cycle.
[Cucumber提供了一些hooks这些允许我们在Cucumber的运行期各种节点上运行blocks]
You can put them in your support/env.rb file or any other file under the support directory, for example in a file called support/hooks.rb.
[你可以将hooks文件放在任何支持的目录下，比如说support/hooks.rb]
There is no association between where the hook is defined and which scenario/step it is run for
[hook文件定义和场景|步骤并没有联系]
All defined hooks are run whenever the relevant event occurs.
Hooks举例
import cucumber.api.java.After;
import cucumber.api.java.Before;
public class HooksDemo {
@Before
public void beforeScenario(){
System.out.println("This will run before the Scenario");
}
@After
public void afterScenario(){
System.out.println("This will run after the Scenario");
}
}
总结
以上Background和Hooks都是为了自动化测试时能分离出一些抽象模块，供复用，DRY原则。
